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Shloka 38

श्रेयो-धर्मकर्मविचारः

Inquiry into Śreyas, Dharma, and Karma

शतं सहस्त्राणि ततक्ष्रित्वा प्राप्रोति वर्ण हरितं तु पश्चात्‌ स चैव तस्मिन्‌ निवसत्यनीशो युगक्षये तपसा संवृतात्मा

śataṃ sahasrāṇi tatakṣṛtvā prāpnoti varṇaṃ haritaṃ tu paścāt | sa caiva tasmin nivasaty anīśo yugakṣaye tapasā saṃvṛtātmā ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Sau khi bị ‘đốn hạ’—tức chịu khổ—hàng trăm nghìn lần (hay năm tháng), hữu thể mang thân ấy về sau đạt đến ‘sắc xanh lục’, dấu hiệu của việc rơi vào các sinh loại thấp như loài thú và chim. Ở trạng thái ấy, bất lực và bị ràng buộc, nó cư trú trong khổ đau lớn. Nhưng khi thời đại đi đến tận cùng, tự ngã bên trong—được che chở và vững bền nhờ tapas (sức lực của khổ hạnh, hay sự chín muồi của phước đức và minh tri cổ xưa)—được cứu thoát khỏi hiểm nạn ấy.”

शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षित्वाhaving dwelt/undergone (reading uncertain)
क्षित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षि (क्षय/क्षीण-भावे) / क्षि (निवासे) (uncertain)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada (not applicable), non-finite
प्राप्नोतिattains
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वर्णम्color/complexion; state
वर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हरितम्green; tawny
हरितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहरित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
सःhe/that (being)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तस्मिन्in that (state/place)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
निवसतिdwells/lives
निवसति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वास्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनीशःhelpless; powerless
अनीशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनीश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युगक्षयेat the end of an age (yuga)
युगक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुगक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तपसाby austerity/penance
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संवृतात्माone whose self is restrained/guarded
संवृतात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Actions have long-lasting consequences: after prolonged suffering in punitive states, a being may fall into constrained lower births; yet the accumulated force of tapas—understood as austerity and/or ripened past merit and discernment—can eventually protect the self and enable release from danger.

Bhishma describes a post-mortem trajectory: extended torment (interpreted by the tradition as hellish wandering), followed by rebirth in lower, helpless conditions (symbolized by a ‘green’ state), and finally a rescue at the end of an aeon through the protective power of tapas.