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Shloka 11

श्रेयो-धर्मकर्मविचारः

Inquiry into Śreyas, Dharma, and Karma

यथा हिरण्यकर्ता वै रूप्यमग्नौ विशोधयेत्‌ । बहुशो&तिप्रयत्नेन महता55त्मकृतेन ह

yathā hiraṇyakartā vai rūpyam agnau viśodhayet | bahuśo 'tiprayatnena mahatā ātmakṛtena ha |

Bhīṣma nói: “Như người thợ kim hoàn, bằng nỗ lực lớn lao do chính mình thực hành, nhiều lần đặt bạc vào lửa để luyện cho tinh sạch; cũng vậy, chúng sinh chỉ có thể gột rửa tâm ý qua hàng trăm kiếp. Nhưng nếu người ấy dốc sức lớn lao bằng những kỷ luật như tế tự (yajña) và các pháp tự chế—śama và dama—thì có thể được thanh tịnh ngay trong một đời.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हिरण्यकर्ताgoldsmith
हिरण्यकर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्यकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
रूप्यम्silver
रूप्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अग्नौin fire
अग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विशोधयेत्should purify
विशोधयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-शुध्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहुशःmany times
बहुशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुशः
अति-प्रयत्नेनwith great effort
अति-प्रयत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिप्रयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महताby/with great
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
आत्मकृतेनdone by oneself / self-made
आत्मकृतेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मकृत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
H
hiraṇyakartā (goldsmith)
R
rūpya (silver)
A
agni (fire)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)
Ś
śama
D
dama
J
jīva (living being)
M
manas (mind)

Educational Q&A

Purification is possible but typically gradual across many lives; however, intense, self-applied discipline—especially sacrificial duty and inner/outer restraint (śama and dama)—can accelerate moral and mental purification even within a single lifetime.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner cultivation, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira using a craftsman’s analogy: as silver is refined by repeated heating, the mind is refined by sustained effort; rigorous practice can compress what would take many births into one.