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Shloka 19

मोक्षधर्मः — स्नेहपाशच्छेदः

Mokṣa-dharma: Cutting the Bonds of Attachment

महात्मा सर्वतो दान्त: सर्वत्रवानपाश्रित: । अपूर्वचारक: सौम्यो अनिकेत: समाहित:

mahātmā sarvato dāntaḥ sarvatravān apāśritaḥ | apūrvacārakaḥ saumyo aniketaḥ samāhitaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Một bậc xuất ly đại tâm phải tự chế trong mọi phương diện, không vướng mắc ở đâu và không nương tựa vào ai. Nết hạnh nhu hòa, không có chỗ ở cố định, vững vàng trong định tâm; người ấy không nên lang thang nơi chốn quen thuộc của giai đoạn đời trước, mà sống tự do khỏi những ràng buộc cũ và những xao lãng.”

महात्माgreat-souled person
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वतःin every way / on all sides
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
दान्तःself-controlled, subdued
दान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वत्रeverywhere
सर्वत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वत्र
वानप्राश्रितःresorting to the forest (forest-dwelling)
वानप्राश्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवानप्राश्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपूर्वचारकःone who does not roam in former (familiar) places
अपूर्वचारकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपूर्वचारक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सौम्यःgentle, calm
सौम्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसौम्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनिकेतःhomeless; without a fixed abode
अनिकेतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिकेत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहितःcollected, concentrated (in mind)
समाहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse outlines the ethical discipline of a renunciant: complete self-restraint, non-dependence, gentleness, homelessness (no fixed base), and steady concentration—along with the practical rule of avoiding former familiar places that can revive attachments and distract the mind.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhishma continues advising on the path of renunciation, describing the inner and outer marks of a true saṃnyāsī and how such a person should live to protect detachment and mental steadiness.