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Shloka 2

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

कृष्या ह्वान्नं प्रभवति ततस्त्वमपि जीवसि । पशुभिश्षौषधीभिशक्च मर्त्या जीवन्ति वाणिज,वैश्यपुत्र! तुम्हें मालूम होना चाहिये कि खेतीसे ही अन्न पैदा होता है, जिससे तुम भी जी रहे हो। अन्न और पशुओंसे ही मनुष्यका जीवन-निर्वाह होता है

kṛṣyā hy annaṃ prabhavati tatastvam api jīvasi | paśubhiḥ śauṣadhībhiś ca martyā jīvanti vāṇija vaiśyaputra ||

Tulādhāra nói: “Từ nông nghiệp mà lương thực sinh ra; bởi thế ngươi cũng sống nhờ đó. Nhờ gia súc và nhờ cây cỏ (thảo dược và hoa màu) mà phàm nhân duy trì mạng sống, hỡi thương nhân, con trai của giai cấp Vaiśya.”

कृष्याby cultivation; through farming
कृष्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अन्नम्food; grain
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रभवतिarises; is produced
प्रभवति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√भू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःtherefrom; from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
जीवसिyou live
जीवसि:
TypeVerb
Root√जीव्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पशुभिःby/with cattle; by animals
पशुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
औषधीभिःby/with herbs; plants
औषधीभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऔषधी
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मर्त्याःmortals; human beings
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जीवन्तिlive; subsist
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वाणिजवैश्यपुत्रO son of a merchant-Vaiśya
वाणिजवैश्यपुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिजवैश्यपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tulādhāra
V
vāṇij (merchant interlocutor)
V
Vaiśyaputra (son of a Vaiśya)
A
anna (food/grain)
P
paśu (cattle/animals)
O
oṣadhī (plants/herbs/crops)
K
kṛṣi (agriculture)

Educational Q&A

Tulādhāra emphasizes human dependence on agriculture, cattle, and plant life for survival, reminding the merchant that even trade rests upon the foundational labor and resources that produce food and sustain society.

In the Śānti Parva’s ethical dialogue, Tulādhāra addresses a merchant (a Vaiśya’s son), instructing him about the practical basis of life—food arising from cultivation—and the broader interdependence of human livelihoods on animals and vegetation.