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Shloka 193

Adhyāya 262: Śabda-brahman, Para-brahman, and the Ethics of Tyāga

Kapila–Syūmaraśmi Saṃvāda

ब्राह्मं वेदमधीयन्तस्तोषयन्त्यपरानपि । वे क्षेत्र (शरीर) और क्षेत्रज्ञ (आत्मा) के तत्त्वको जाननेवाले और आत्मयज्ञ-परायण थे। उपनिषदोंके अध्ययनमें तत्पर रहते तथा स्वयं संतुष्ट होकर दूसरोंको भी संतोष देते थे

brāhmaṃ vedam adhīyantas toṣayanti aparān api |

Chūlādhāra nói: “Họ học Veda—tri thức thiêng liêng về Phạm (Brahman)—và cũng làm cho người khác hoan hỷ. Họ là những bậc hiểu rõ chân lý về ‘cánh đồng’ (thân) và ‘kẻ biết cánh đồng’ (Ngã), chuyên tâm nơi tế lễ nội tại của Tự Ngã; miệt mài học các Upaniṣad, tự mình an túc, lại khiến người khác cũng được an túc.”

ब्राह्मम्Brahmic, sacred (pertaining to Brahman)
ब्राह्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootब्राह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेदम्the Veda
वेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधीयन्तःstudying, reciting (while studying)
अधीयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-इ (धातु) / अधीयान (शतृ-कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तोषयन्तिthey please, they satisfy
तोषयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतुष् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अपरान्others
अपरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)

चुलाधार उवाच

चुलाधार (Chūlādhāra)
वेद (Veda)
उपनिषद् (Upaniṣads)
क्षेत्र (kṣetra: body)
क्षेत्रज्ञ (kṣetrajña: Self/Ātman)

Educational Q&A

True spiritual life is marked by knowledge of the body–Self distinction (kṣetra–kṣetrajña), dedication to an inward ‘sacrifice’ of self-discipline and contemplation (ātmayajña), and a contentment that naturally benefits others—learning is not merely personal attainment but a source of peace shared with the community.

In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, Chūlādhāra describes exemplary seekers: they study sacred knowledge (Brahma-vidyā/Upaniṣadic teaching), remain inwardly satisfied, and by their conduct and instruction bring satisfaction to others—presenting an ethical ideal of learned, self-possessed teachers.