Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 41

अहिंसा-प्रधान धर्मविचारः

Ahiṃsā as the Superior Dharma: Practical and Scriptural Reasoning

सर्वे देवा मर्त्यसंज्ञाविशिष्टा: सर्वे मर्त्या देवसंज्ञाविशिष्टा: । तस्मात्‌ पुत्र मा शुचो राजसिंह पुत्र: स्वर्ग प्राप्प ते मोदते ह

sarve devā martyasaṁjñā-viśiṣṭāḥ sarve martyā devasaṁjñā-viśiṣṭāḥ | tasmāt putra mā śuco rājasimha putraḥ svargaṁ prāptaḥ te modate ha ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Chư thiên, ở một phương diện nào đó, cũng mang danh ‘hữu tử’; và phàm nhân hữu tử, ở một phương diện nào đó, cũng mang danh ‘thiêng liêng’. Vì vậy, con ta, chớ sầu muộn, hỡi sư tử giữa các bậc quân vương. Con trai ngươi đã đạt đến cõi trời; nó thực đang hoan hỷ nơi ấy.”

सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मर्त्य-संज्ञा-विशिष्टाःdistinguished by the designation 'mortal'
मर्त्य-संज्ञा-विशिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट (वि+शिष्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मर्त्याःmortals
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देव-संज्ञा-विशिष्टाःdistinguished by the designation 'god'
देव-संज्ञा-विशिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट (वि+शिष्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore / from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माdo not (prohibitive particle)
मा:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
शुचःgrieve
शुचः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormImperative (prohibitive with मा), Second, Singular
राज-सिंहO lion among kings
राज-सिंह:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजसिंह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving attained
प्राप्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootप्राप् (प्र+आप्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तेyour
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मोदतेrejoices
मोदते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमुद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
indeed / surely (emphatic particle)
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
A
a king addressed as Rājasimha
T
the king’s son (unnamed)
D
Devas (gods)
M
Mortals (humans)
S
Svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma reframes death and status: the boundary between ‘divine’ and ‘mortal’ is not absolute, so one should not be overwhelmed by grief. He urges acceptance grounded in dharma and the belief that a righteous person who dies attains heavenly joy.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs and consoles a grieving king. Here he tells the king not to mourn, affirming that the king’s son has reached svarga and is rejoicing there.