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Shloka 24

सूक्ष्मभूत-भूतात्मविज्ञानम्

Knowing the subtle principle and the bhūtātman through yoga

जिसका जीवन धर्मके लिये और धर्म भगवान्‌ श्रीहरिके लिये होता है, जिसके दिन और रात धर्म-पालनमें ही व्यतीत होते हैं, उसे देवता ब्रह्मज्ञ मानते हैं ।।

nirāśiṣam anārambhaṁ nirnamaskāram astutim | nirmukte bandhanaiḥ sarvais taṁ devā brāhmaṇaṁ viduḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: Chư thiên nhận biết vị Bà-la-môn ấy là kẻ thật sự tri Brahman—người không còn mong cầu và dục vọng, không khởi sự các việc đời, xa lánh sự chào lạy và việc tìm kiếm lời tán dương, và đã thoát khỏi mọi thứ ràng buộc. Ngày đêm của người ấy trôi qua trong việc giữ gìn dharma, và đời sống của người ấy chỉ hướng về dharma mà thôi.

निराशिषम्free from desires/expectations
निराशिषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्-आशिष्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनारम्भम्without undertakings/initiations
अनारम्भम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनारम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्नमस्कारम्free from salutations (not seeking/doing homage)
निर्नमस्कारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्-नमस्कार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अस्तुतिम्not given to praise/eulogy
अस्तुतिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-स्तुति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्मुक्तेin/with one who is released
निर्मुक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मुक्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बन्धनैःby/with bonds, fetters
बन्धनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वैःall
सर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणम्a brahmin (here: a true knower)
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow/recognize
विदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
devāḥ (the gods)
B
brāhmaṇa (ideal brāhmaṇa / spiritual aspirant)

Educational Q&A

A true Brahman-knower is defined by inner freedom: absence of desire for results, non-initiation of worldly projects driven by craving, indifference to social honor (salutations) and praise, and release from all forms of bondage. Spiritual authority is measured by detachment and dharma-centered living, not by external recognition.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and right conduct after the war, Vyāsa articulates criteria by which the divine (devāḥ) ‘know’ or acknowledge a genuine brāhmaṇa/Brahma-jñānī—highlighting renunciation and freedom from attachment as marks of realized wisdom.