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Shloka 16

Ātma-saṃyama-dharma: One-pointedness of Mind and Senses (शुक–व्यास संवादः)

आयुषस्तु चतुर्भागं ब्रह्मचार्यनसूयक: । गुरौ वा गुरुपुत्रे वा वसेद्‌ धर्मार्थकोविद:

āyuṣas tu caturbhāgaṃ brahmacāry anasūyakaḥ | gurau vā guruputre vā vased dharmārthakovidaḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: “Một thiếu niên thuộc hàng dvija, giữ hạnh brahmacarya, không soi mói lỗi người, nên ở với thầy—hoặc với con trai của thầy—trong một phần tư đời mình. Sống nơi ấy trong kỷ luật và phụng sự, người brahmacārin trở nên tinh thông về dharma và artha.”

आयुषःof (one's) life
आयुषः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
चतुर्भागम्a fourth part
चतुर्भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्भाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मचारीa celibate student
ब्रह्मचारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयकःnon-censorious; not fault-finding
अनसूयकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनसूयक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरौwith/in the teacher
गुरौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
गुरुपुत्रेwith/in the teacher's son
गुरुपुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वसेत्should dwell/live
वसेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मार्थकोविदःskilled in dharma and artha
धर्मार्थकोविदः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थकोविद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
G
guru (teacher)
G
guruputra (teacher’s son)
B
brahmacārī (student)

Educational Q&A

A brahmacārin should spend a substantial formative period (one quarter of life) living in disciplined service to the guru (or the guru’s son), cultivating humility and refraining from fault-finding; this character-formation leads to competence in dharma (right conduct) and artha (practical welfare).

In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa lays down a rule of conduct for the student stage of life: residence with the teacher, service, and a non-censorious attitude are presented as the means by which a student becomes truly learned in ethical and practical aims.