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Shloka 17

Adhyāya 241: Guṇa-sṛṣṭi, Kṣetrajña-sākṣitva, and Śama through Ātma-jñāna (गुणसृष्टिः, क्षेत्रज्ञसाक्षित्वं, शमः)

एकादशविकारात्मा कलासम्भारसम्भृत: । मूर्तिमानिति तं विद्धि तात कर्मगुणात्मकम्‌

ekādaśa-vikārātmā kalā-sambhāra-sambhṛtaḥ | mūrtimān iti taṁ viddhi tāta karma-guṇātmakaṁ ||

Bhishma nói: “Này con, hãy biết rằng kẻ mang thân (mūrtimān) là kẻ thuộc về nghiệp và các guṇa: được cấu thành bởi mười một biến trạng—tâm và các căn—và mang gánh tích tụ của những ‘phần’ (kalā) do nghiệp tạo ra. Vì thế, hữu tình thọ sinh như một kẻ hành tác, bị nghiệp và tam guṇa nắn đúc, và như mặt trăng, phải chịu sự tăng giảm trong thân phận hữu hình.”

एकादशelevenfold
एकादश:
TypeAdjective
Rootएकादशन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विकारात्माone whose nature consists of modifications (vikāras)
विकारात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकारात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कलासम्भारसम्भृतःsupported/filled by a collection of parts (kalās)
कलासम्भारसम्भृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकलासम्भारसम्भृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मूर्तिमान्embodied, having form
मूर्तिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्तिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तम्him/that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you)
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तातdear one/son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कर्मगुणात्मकम्having the nature of karma and guṇas
कर्मगुणात्मकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्मगुणात्मक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
embodied being (mūrtimān / jīva as doer)

Educational Q&A

Embodiment is explained as karma-driven: the individual becomes ‘form-bearing’ by being constituted through the mind-and-senses complex (the ‘eleven modifications’) and by carrying the accumulated effects/constituents generated by past actions, all under the influence of the three guṇas.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on the nature of the embodied self and the mechanics of saṁsāra, describing how action and guṇas condition the rise of a body and its experiences of growth and decline.