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Shloka 7

Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)

प्रजावान्‌ श्रोत्रियो यज्वा मुक्त एव ऋणैस्त्रिभि: । अथान्यानाश्रमान्‌ पश्चात्‌ पूतो गच्छेत कर्मभि:

prajāvān śrotriyo yajvā mukta eva ṛṇais tribhiḥ | athānyān āśramān paścāt pūto gacchet karmabhiḥ ||

Vyāsa giảng rằng: một người gia chủ đã sinh con nối dõi, thông hiểu Veda và đã cử hành các lễ tế thì được giải thoát khỏi ba món nợ căn bản. Nhờ có con cháu mà trả nợ tổ tiên, nhờ học tập Veda mà trả nợ các hiền triết, và nhờ nghi lễ tế tự mà trả nợ chư thiên; sau khi đã hoàn tất như vậy, người ấy phải tự thanh tịnh bằng cách chu toàn các bổn phận được quy định; chỉ rồi mới nên bước sang các giai đoạn đời sống khác (những āśrama về sau).

प्रजावान्having offspring/progeny
प्रजावान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रजावत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रोत्रियःa Veda-learned Brahmin (one versed in śruti)
श्रोत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्वाa sacrificer; one who performs yajña
यज्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुक्तःfreed, released
मुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ऋणैःby/with debts (obligations)
ऋणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
त्रिभिःby three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अथthen, thereafter
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अन्यान्other
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आश्रमान्stages of life/āśramas
आश्रमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
पूतःpurified
पूतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गच्छेत्should go/enter
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मभिःby (prescribed) acts/deeds
कर्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
ṛṣi (seers)
D
deva (gods)
P
pitṛ (ancestors)
Ā
āśrama (stages of life)
G
gṛhastha (householder)

Educational Q&A

Before moving on to later life-stages, a person should fulfill gṛhastha-dharma by discharging the three debts: to ancestors through progeny (and related duties), to seers through Vedic study, and to gods through yajña; only then is one considered purified and fit to enter other āśramas.

In the didactic discourse of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa states a normative rule for life-order: the householder completes key obligations (ṛṇa-traya) and prescribed rites, becomes purified, and then proceeds to the subsequent āśramas.