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Shloka 3

Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra

Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability

सर्वमुच्छेदनिष्ठं स्थात्‌ पश्य चैतद्‌ द्विजोत्तम | अप्रमत्त: प्रमत्तो वा कि विशेषं करिष्यति,द्विजश्रेष्ठ) देखिये, मनुष्यकी मृत्युके साथ-साथ उसका सारा साधन नष्ट हो जाता है; फिर वह पहलेसे सावधान हो या असावधान, क्या विशेष लाभ उठा सकेगा?

sarvam uccheda-niṣṭhaṃ sthāt paśya caitad dvijottama | apramattaḥ pramatto vā ki viśeṣaṃ kariṣyati ||

Janaka nói: “Hỡi bậc tối thượng trong hàng Bà-la-môn, xin hãy xét: mọi sự đều quy về đoạn diệt. Ngay lúc chết, mọi phương tiện và sở hữu của con người đều bị cắt đứt. Vậy thì có lợi ích đặc biệt nào—dù sống tỉnh giác cẩn trọng hay sống buông lung tán loạn—mà còn có thể đạt được chăng?”

सर्वम्all, everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उच्छेद-निष्ठम्ending in destruction; having destruction as its final state
उच्छेद-निष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्छेदनिष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्थात्would be / may be / is bound to be
स्थात्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पश्यsee, behold
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
द्विज-उत्तमO best of the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विज-उत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अप्रमत्तःvigilant, not careless
अप्रमत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमत्तःcareless, negligent
प्रमत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विशेषम्difference, special advantage
विशेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
करिष्यतिwill do / will make
करिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormFuture (Lृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

जनक उवाच

J
Janaka
D
dvijottama (addressed Brahmin interlocutor)

Educational Q&A

Janaka highlights the inevitability of death and the cutting-off of all worldly supports, questioning what lasting ‘special gain’ comes merely from careful versus careless worldly living; the verse pushes the listener toward reflection on what endures beyond possessions—inner discipline, knowledge, and dharma.

In a philosophical exchange within the Śānti Parva, King Janaka addresses a Brahmin sage, using the certainty of death to challenge conventional ideas of advantage and security, steering the discussion toward renunciation and the proper basis of a meaningful life.