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Shloka 24

Vimokṣa-niścaya: Pañcaśikha’s Analysis of Aggregates, Guṇas, and Tyāga (मोक्षनिर्णयः)

दोषाणामेवमादीनां परीक्ष्य गुरुलाघवम्‌ । विमृशेदात्मसंस्थानमेकैकमनुसंततम्‌

doṣāṇām evam-ādīnāṁ parīkṣya guru-lāghavam | vimṛśed ātma-saṁsthānam ekaikam anusantatam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Sau khi đã xét kỹ ‘nặng’ và ‘nhẹ’—tức mức độ nghiêm trọng hay không đáng kể—của những lỗi ấy và các lỗi tương tự, người ta nên liên tục quán chiếu tình trạng nội tâm của chính mình, xét từng lỗi một: nó có hiện diện trong ta hay không, và nếu có thì ở mức độ nào. Nhờ sự tự xét mình bền bỉ như vậy, hãy nỗ lực thoát khỏi mọi khiếm khuyết ấy.”

दोषाणाम्of faults
दोषाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
आदीनाम्and others (beginning with these)
आदीनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परीक्ष्यhaving examined
परीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-ईक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (gerund)
गुरु-लाघवम्heaviness and lightness (relative gravity)
गुरु-लाघवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुलाघव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विमृशेत्should reflect/consider
विमृशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-मृश्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
आत्म-संस्थानम्one's own condition/constitution (state of self)
आत्म-संस्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मसंस्थान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एक-एकम्each one, one by one
एक-एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुसंततम्continuously, in an unbroken manner
अनुसंततम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुसंतत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

To assess moral faults by their relative seriousness and then engage in sustained, item-by-item self-scrutiny—checking whether each fault exists in oneself and in what measure—so that one can deliberately work toward freedom from those defects.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhishma continues advising the listener on ethical cultivation: after identifying various doṣas (faults), one must evaluate their gravity and then turn the inquiry inward through continuous self-assessment.