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Shloka 25

Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati

Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal

पुरुषाधिछितान्‌ भावान्‌ प्रकृति: सूयते यदा । हेतुयुक्तमत: पूर्व जगत्‌ सम्परिवर्तते,पुरुषद्वारा संकल्पमें लाये गये विविध पदार्थोकी रचना प्रकृति ही करती है। इस प्रकृतिसे सर्वप्रथम कारणसहित जगत्‌ उत्पन्न होता है

puruṣādhiṣṭhitān bhāvān prakṛtiḥ sūyate yadā | hetuyuktam ataḥ pūrvaṁ jagat samparivartate ||

Bhīṣma nói: Khi Tự Tánh (prakṛti) sinh khởi các trạng thái và hình tướng khác nhau dưới sự chủ trì của Ngã Nhân (puruṣa), chính Tự Tánh ấy tạo tác muôn vật được Ngã Nhân khởi niệm. Từ Tự Tánh này, trước hết thế giới phát sinh cùng trật tự nhân duyên; rồi vũ trụ tiếp diễn trong những vòng biến chuyển tuần hoàn.

पुरुषाधिष्ठितान्presided over by Purusha
पुरुषाधिष्ठितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरुषाधिष्ठित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भावान्entities; states; things
भावान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रकृतिःPrakriti; Nature
प्रकृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सूयतेbrings forth; produces
सूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootसू (प्रसवे)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Middle
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
हेतुयुक्तम्endowed with cause; having a cause
हेतुयुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहेतुयुक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतःthereupon; therefore; from that
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
पूर्वम्first; formerly
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
जगत्the world; universe
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सम्परिवर्ततेcomes into being/turns about; undergoes transformation
सम्परिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+परि+वृत् (वर्तने)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Middle

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
puruṣa
P
prakṛti
J
jagat

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a Sāṅkhya-style account: the conscious principle (puruṣa) provides superintendence/intent, while prakṛti is the productive power that actually manifests the world. The universe arises with an intelligible causal structure (hetuyukta) and then continues through cyclical transformations.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma explains to Yudhiṣṭhira the metaphysical basis of creation—how prakṛti, under the presiding presence of puruṣa, produces the manifold world and how that world proceeds through ongoing cycles of change.