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Shloka 16

Yoga, Nārāyaṇa as Supreme Principle, and the Emanation of Categories

Sāṅkhya-Yoga Outline

क्षीणकोशो ह्ुमावास्यां चन्द्रमा न प्रकाशते । तद्वन्मूर्तिविमुक्तोड्सौ शरीरी नोपलभ्यते

bhīṣma uvāca | kṣīṇakośo hy amāvāsyāṃ candramā na prakāśate | tadvan mūrtivimukto 'sau śarīrī nopalabhyate ||

Bhīṣma nói: Như trăng đêm sóc không tỏa sáng khi quầng sáng suy giảm và ánh sáng không hiển lộ, cũng vậy, Ngã mang thân—khi lìa khỏi thân—không còn là điều mà tri giác thông thường có thể nắm bắt. Lời dạy nhấn mạnh rằng cái ta gọi là “con người” không bị cạn kiệt bởi những gì giác quan chạm tới; khi nền tảng thân xác mất đi, Ngã không phải đối tượng của mắt thấy, vì thế đừng lầm vô hình với không tồn tại.

क्षीणकोशःhaving diminished rays/treasury (i.e., waned)
क्षीणकोशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण-कोश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अमावास्यायाम्on the new-moon night
अमावास्यायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअमावास्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
चन्द्रमाthe moon
चन्द्रमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्रमस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रकाशतेshines/appears
प्रकाशते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-काश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
तद्वत्so/likewise
तद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत्
मूर्तिविमुक्तःfreed from the body/form
मूर्तिविमुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्ति-विमुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असौthat (one)
असौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसद् (प्रonominal base: असौ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरीरीthe embodied one (soul)
शरीरी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपलभ्यतेis perceived/obtained
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Moon (Candramas)
A
Amavasya (new-moon night)
E
Embodied Self (śarīrī/ātman)
B
Body (śarīra)
F
Form (mūrti)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the Self is not an object of sensory perception. When the Self is separated from the body, it is not seen—just as the moon’s light is not manifest on the new-moon night—so absence from sight should not be confused with non-existence.

In the Shanti Parva instruction, Bhishma is explaining metaphysical and ethical understanding about the embodied being and death. He uses the familiar image of the moon at amavasya to clarify why the departed Self is not perceptible to ordinary observers.