Shloka 21

Keśava-tattva-kathana

On the Principle of Keśava: Cosmogony and Divine Epithets

Devanagari script

हाहाकारस्तथा दिक्षु सर्वेषां सुमहानभूत्‌ । तज्ज्योति:ः स्तूयमान सम ब्रह्माणं प्राविशत्‌ तदा

Transliteration

hāhākāras tathā dikṣu sarveṣāṁ sumahān abhūt | taj jyotiḥ stūyamānaṁ sam brahmāṇaṁ prāviśat tadā |

Translation

Bấy giờ, một tiếng náo động dữ dội nổi lên khắp mọi phương. Thực thể rực sáng ấy, được muôn loài ca tụng, tiến đến gần Brahmā; và ngay lúc đó Brahmā bước ra đón tiếp, ban cho sự tiếp rước đầy tôn kính. Cảnh này cho thấy sức mạnh tâm linh phi thường tự nhiên khơi dậy lòng kính ngưỡng, và quyền uy chính đáng đáp lại bằng lễ nghi hiếu khách cùng sự thừa nhận xứng đáng.

Word by Word

• हाहाकारः: cry of distress, uproar
• हाहाकारः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हाहाकार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• दिक्षु: in the directions
• दिक्षु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Plural

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• सुमहान्: very great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुमहत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभूत्: arose, happened, became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Aorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ज्योतिः: light, radiance
• ज्योतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्तूयमानम्: being praised
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सम्: together, fully (prefix-like adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्

• ब्रह्माणम्: Brahmā
• ब्रह्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राविशत्: entered, approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + विश्
• Form: Imperfect (past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

भीष्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Brahmā
• jyotiḥ (radiant being/light)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Extraordinary spiritual radiance (jyotiḥ) evokes spontaneous praise, and rightful cosmic authority (Brahmā) responds with proper honor—highlighting dharmic recognition of merit and the ethics of receiving a worthy guest.

What is happening in the narrative?

A great tumult rises everywhere; a luminous being, praised by all, comes into Brahmā’s presence, and Brahmā advances to welcome it respectfully.