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Shloka 7

मनुरुवाच — इन्द्रिय-मनः-ज्ञान-क्रमः

Manu on the hierarchy of senses, mind, and knowledge

सांख्ययोगौ तु यायुक्तौ मुनिभिमोक्षदर्शिभि: । संन्यास एव वेदान्ते वर्तते जपन॑ प्रति,मोक्षदर्शी मुनियोंने जो सांख्य और योगका वर्णन किया है, उनमेंसे वेदान्त (सांख्य)-में तो जपका संन्यास (त्याग) ही बताया गया है अशथैश्चर्यप्रवृत्तेषु जापकस्तत्र रज्यते । स एव निरयस्तस्य नासौ तस्मात्‌ प्रमुच्यते

bhīṣma uvāca | sāṅkhyayogau tu yāyuktau munibhir mokṣadarśibhiḥ | saṃnyāsa eva vedānte vartate japaṃ prati | artha-aiśvarya-pravṛtteṣu jāpakaḥ tatra rajyate | sa eva nirayas tasya na asau tasmāt pramucyate ||

Bhishma nói: “Các ẩn sĩ đã thấy giải thoát dạy rằng cả Sāṅkhya lẫn Yoga đều là pháp môn chân chính. Nhưng trong Vedānta (ở đây theo nhãn quan thiên về Sāṅkhya), đối với japa, quy tắc đích thực là xuất ly—buông bỏ cả sự chấp vào hình thức bên ngoài lẫn phần thưởng. Khi người hành japa bị vướng mắc vào việc mưu cầu tài sản và lợi lộc thế gian, chính sự vướng mắc ấy trở thành địa ngục của họ; họ không được giải thoát khỏi nó.”

सांख्ययोगौSankhya and Yoga
सांख्ययोगौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य + योग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यौwhich (two)
यौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
युक्तौjoined/connected
युक्तौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मुनिभिःby sages
मुनिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मोक्षदर्शिभिःby those who see liberation
मोक्षदर्शिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्षदर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संन्यासःrenunciation
संन्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंन्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवalone/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वेदान्तेin Vedanta
वेदान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेदान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वर्ततेis found/prevails
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
जपम्muttering/recitation
जपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards/with regard to
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
अशथैःby the guileless/straightforward
अशथैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअशठ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चर्यप्रवृत्तेषुamong those engaged in proper conduct/practice
चर्यप्रवृत्तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootचर्या + प्रवृत्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
जापकःa reciter (one who does japa)
जापकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजापक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere/in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
रज्यतेbecomes attached/delights
रज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरञ्ज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सःhe/that
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
निरयःhell (state of downfall)
निरयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असौthat man/he
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/असौ (pronoun)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्from that (state)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रमुच्यतेis released/freed
प्रमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + मुच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
munis (moksha-seeing sages)
S
Sankhya
Y
Yoga
V
Vedanta
J
japa (mantra repetition)

Educational Q&A

Even spiritually valued practices like japa must be grounded in renunciation and non-attachment. If japa becomes mixed with craving for wealth, status, or power, the practitioner’s attachment itself becomes a form of suffering (niraya), preventing liberation.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira that both Sāṅkhya and Yoga are affirmed by realized sages, but he warns that mantra-practice loses its liberating force when the practitioner is drawn into worldly pursuits and rewards.