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Shloka 46

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

त्यक्त्वा यः प्राकृतं कर्म नित्यमात्मरतिर्मुनि: । सर्वभूतात्मभूस्तस्मात्‌ स गच्छेदुत्तमां गतिम्‌

tyaktvā yaḥ prākṛtaṃ karma nityam ātmaratir muniḥ | sarvabhūtātmabhūtas tasmāt sa gacched uttamāṃ gatim ||

Bhīṣma nói: Vị hiền triết quán niệm, từ bỏ những hành động thuần thế tục, bị bản năng thúc đẩy, và luôn an trú hoan hỷ trong Tự Ngã, trở nên như chính Tự Ngã của muôn loài; bởi vậy đạt đến đích tối thượng. Ý hướng đạo đức là: giải thoát không đến từ sự lao lực cưỡng bức trong đời, mà từ sự xả ly nội tâm, sự an trụ bền vững nơi Tự Ngã, và sự đồng nhất phổ quát làm tan biến lòng vị kỷ.

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्राकृतम्worldly / natural (ordinary)
प्राकृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राकृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कर्मaction, work
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
आत्मरति:one whose delight is in the Self / self-delighting
आत्मरति::
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मरति
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सर्वभूतात्मभूतःhaving become the Self of all beings
सर्वभूतात्मभूतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वभूतात्मभूत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्मात्therefore / from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
गच्छेत्would go / attains
गच्छेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formvidhi-lin (optative), present-system (modal), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
उत्तमाम्highest, supreme
उत्तमाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
गतिम्state, goal, destination
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Renounce merely worldly, nature-driven action and abide steadily in the Self; through such inner absorption and universal identification (seeing oneself in all beings), one reaches the supreme goal—liberation.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira by praising the contemplative path: the sage who turns away from ordinary worldly pursuits and rests in Self-realization attains the highest state.