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Shloka 16

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

एतां बुद्ध्वा नरो बुद्ध्या भूतानामागतिं गतिम्‌ । समवेक्ष्य शनैश्वैव लभते शममुत्तमम्‌

etāṁ buddhvā naro buddhyā bhūtānām āgatiṁ gatiṁ | samavekṣya śanaiś caiva labhate śamam uttamam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Khi đã hiểu, nhờ sức của trí phân biệt (buddhi) của chính mình, sự đến và đi—những nẻo luân hồi của các hữu tình—và kiên trì quán sát điều ấy từng chút một, con người sẽ đạt được an tịnh tối thượng.”

एताम्this (state/thing)
एताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood/known
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्ध्याby (his) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
आगतिम्coming/arrival (course)
आगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्going/departure (course)
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समवेक्ष्यhaving considered/observed well
समवेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अव-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
शनैःslowly, gradually
शनैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशनैः
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
लभतेattains/obtains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
शमम्tranquillity, peace
शमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्supreme, excellent
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

By using buddhi (discernment) to understand the recurring coming-and-going of beings (saṁsāra) and by reflecting on it steadily and gradually, one attains śama—deep inner tranquility.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on the means to peace after the war; here he emphasizes contemplative insight into the movement of living beings through life and death as a practical path to supreme calm.