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Shloka 5

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

सूर्य सदोपतिष्ठेत न च सूर्योदये स्वपेत्‌ । सायं प्रातर्जपेत्‌ संध्यां तिष्ठन्‌ पूर्वां तथेतराम्‌

sūryaṃ sadopatiṣṭheta na ca sūryodaye svapet | sāyaṃ prātar japet sandhyāṃ tiṣṭhan pūrvāṃ tathetarām ||

Bhīṣma nói: Hãy thường xuyên đứng cung kính trước Mặt Trời, và tuyệt đối đừng ngủ vào lúc bình minh. Vào hai thời khắc giao thời—chiều và sáng—hãy làm lễ sandhyā và tụng niệm thần chú Gāyatrī, đứng mà hành trì: rạng đông hướng về phương Đông, còn lúc hoàng hôn hướng về phương đối ứng thích hợp. Lời dạy nhấn mạnh nếp sống kỷ luật, sự tỉnh thức vào giờ lành, và lòng sùng kính thể hiện qua nghi lễ bền bỉ.

सूर्यःthe Sun (as object of worship/service)
सूर्यः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
उपतिष्ठेतshould attend upon / should worship
उपतिष्ठेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सूर्योदयेat sunrise
सूर्योदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्योदय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वपेत्should sleep
स्वपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सायम्in the evening
सायम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसायम्
प्रातःin the morning
प्रातः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रातः
जपेत्should recite / should mutter (a mantra)
जपेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजप्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संध्याम्the twilight-prayer (sandhyā)
संध्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंध्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तिष्ठन्standing
तिष्ठन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वाम्eastern (direction)
पूर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इतराम्the other (direction) (i.e., western)
इतराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Surya (the Sun)
S
Sandhya (twilight worship)
G
Gayatri mantra

Educational Q&A

Maintain disciplined daily dharma: honor the Sun regularly, avoid sleeping at sunrise, and perform sandhyā worship with Gāyatrī recitation at both morning and evening twilights.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhishma advises practical daily observances—sun-reverence and sandhyā rites—as part of a regulated, ethically grounded life.