Shloka 22

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

Devanagari script

सम्पन्न भोजने नित्यं पानीये तर्पणं तथा

Transliteration

sampanna-bhojane nityaṃ pānīye tarpaṇaṃ tathā

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Khi bữa ăn đã được chuẩn bị đầy đủ và tươm tất, mỗi ngày cũng nên dâng nước và thực hành lễ tarpaṇa (cúng để làm thỏa mãn) nữa.”

Word by Word

• सम्पन्ने: when (food) is well-prepared/abundant
• सम्पन्ने: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्पन्न
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• भोजने: in the meal/food
• भोजने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोजन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• पानीयॆ: in/with drinking-water
• पानीयॆ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पानीय
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• तर्पणम्: satiation/refreshment (offering of water)
• तर्पणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्पण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: and likewise/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• meal/food (bhojana)
• water (pānīya)
• tarpaṇa (ritual offering)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even when one is able to eat well, dharma requires daily acts of giving and honoring—especially offering water and performing tarpaṇa—so personal enjoyment is balanced by responsibility and reverence.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous conduct and daily observances; here he emphasizes that along with one’s own meal, one should regularly provide water and perform tarpaṇa as part of disciplined household dharma.