Shloka 31

प्रजाविसर्ग-तत्त्वनिर्णयः | Cosmogony of Elemental Emergence

Bharadvāja–Bhṛgu Dialogue

Devanagari script

सो5हं हाहिंस्र: सत्यार्थी कामक्रोधबहिष्कृत: । समदुःखसुख: क्षेमी मृत्युं हास्याम्यमर्त्यवत्‌

Transliteration

so 'haṃ hiāhiṃsraḥ satyārthī kāmakrodhabahiṣkṛtaḥ | samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣemī mṛtyuṃ hāsyāmy amartyavat ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Vì thế ta sẽ sống không bạo hại, tìm cầu chân lý; trục xuất dục vọng và sân hận khỏi lòng; giữ tâm bình đẳng giữa khổ và vui; và trở thành nguồn lợi lạc cho muôn loài. Như các bậc bất tử, ta sẽ vượt khỏi nỗi sợ tử vong.”

Word by Word

• सः: he/that (I)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अहिंस्रः: non-violent; not injuring
• अहिंस्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहिंस्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यार्थी: seeker of truth
• सत्यार्थी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यार्थिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कामक्रोधबहिष्कृतः: one who has cast out desire and anger
• कामक्रोधबहिष्कृतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहिष्कृत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समदुःखसुखः: equal in sorrow and happiness
• समदुःखसुखः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समदुःखसुख
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षेमी: beneficial; welfare-bringing; secure
• क्षेमी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षेमिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मृत्युम्: death
• मृत्युम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हास्यामि: I shall abandon/leave (behind)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हास् (हासयति/हासयति) / √हस्
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अमर्त्यवत्: like the immortals (gods)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अमर्त्य + वत्

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• the immortals (amarṭya/devas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches a disciplined ethical program: renounce violence, pursue truth, remove desire and anger, cultivate equanimity toward pleasure and pain, and act for the welfare of all—thereby transcending the fear of death.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on dharma and inner discipline. Here he articulates a personal resolve (a vow-like commitment) to adopt non-violence, truth-seeking, self-mastery, and beneficence as the path to fearlessness and spiritual elevation.