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Shloka 4

असंतोषादिदोष-निरूपणम्

On the Faults of Discontent and the Discipline of Detachment

नाह्वा पूरयितुं शक्‍्यां न मासैर्भरतर्षभ । अपूर्या पूरयन्निच्छामायुषापि न शकनुयात्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ इस इच्छाको एक दिनमें या कई महीनोंमें भी पूर्ण नहीं किया जा सकता। इतना ही नहीं, सारी आयु प्रयत्न करनेपर भी इस अपूरणीय इच्छाकी पूर्ति होनी असम्भव है

nāhvā pūrayituṁ śakyāṁ na māsair bharatarṣabha | apūryā pūrayann icchām āyuṣāpi na śaknuyāt, bharataśreṣṭha ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Hỡi bậc tráng kiện nhất trong dòng Bharata, nỗi khát vọng này không thể được thỏa mãn—không phải trong một ngày, cũng chẳng phải trong nhiều tháng. Quả thật, dẫu có gắng sức suốt cả đời, việc toan làm cho một dục vọng vốn không thể lấp đầy ấy được thỏa mãn vẫn không thành, hỡi bậc tối thượng của Bharata.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अह्वाdesire, wish
अह्वा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअह्वा (स्त्री.)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पूरयितुम्to fulfill
पूरयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootपूर् (पूरयति)
FormTumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada (causative base)
शक्याम्possible (able to be done)
शक्याम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य (शक् + य)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मासैःby months, in months
मासैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमास (पुं.)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अपूर्याunfulfillable, impossible to satisfy
अपूर्या:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-पूऱ्य (पूर् + य, neg.)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पूरयन्fulfilling, trying to fulfill
पूरयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपूर् (पूरयति)
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इच्छाम्desire, wish
इच्छाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइच्छा (स्त्री.)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आयुषाwith (one's whole) life, over a lifetime
आयुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (नपुं.)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्नुयात्could be able (to), might manage
शक्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरतश्रेष्ठO best among the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bharata lineage (Bharatas)

Educational Q&A

Some desires are intrinsically insatiable; trying to ‘complete’ them through time and effort only extends dissatisfaction. Ethical life therefore requires discernment and restraint—redirecting the mind from endless craving toward dharma and inner steadiness.

In the reflective, instruction-oriented setting of Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a Bharata elder/peer with a sober observation: the particular wish under discussion is of a kind that cannot be brought to completion, even with prolonged effort, underscoring the futility of pursuing limitless craving.