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Shloka 423

बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account

On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics

महर्षिसुरगन्धर्वानुवाचेदं पितामह: । सभी प्राणी भयके मारे बारंबार व्यथित हो उठते थे। उस भयानक भूतको उपस्थित हुआ देख पितामह ब्रह्माने महर्षियों, देवताओं तथा गन्धर्वोंसे कहा--

maharsisuragandharvān uvācedaṃ pitāmahaḥ | sabhī prāṇī bhayake māre bārambār vyathita ho uṭhate the | us bhayānaka bhūtako upasthita huā dekh pitāmaha brahmāne maharsiyoṃ, devatāoṃ tathā gandharvoṃse kahā—

Bhīṣma nói: Đấng Tổ phụ (Brahmā) cất lời với các đại hiền triết, chư thiên và các Gandharva. Muôn loài vì sợ hãi mà nhiều lần run rẩy, khổ sở. Thấy thực thể ghê rợn ấy hiện ra trước mặt, Tổ phụ Brahmā liền nói với các bậc hiền triết, các thần linh và những nhạc công cõi trời—mở đầu lời bàn định để lập lại trật tự và sự vững tâm giữa cơn kinh hãi.

महर्षिgreat sages
महर्षि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुरgods
सुर:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गन्धर्वान्Gandharvas
गन्धर्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this (speech/word)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पितामहःthe Grandsire (Brahmā)
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (भीष्म)
B
Brahma (ब्रह्मा)
P
Pitamaha (पितामह)
M
Maharshis (महर्षि)
D
Devas (देवता/सुर)
G
Gandharvas (गन्धर्व)
B
Bhayānaka Bhūta (भयानक भूत)

Educational Q&A

When fear overwhelms the world, restoration begins with wise counsel and re-centering on dharma: the highest authority (here Brahmā) addresses the community of the wise and the divine to re-establish steadiness, right understanding, and order.

A terrifying entity appears, causing repeated distress among living beings. In response, Brahmā—the Grandsire—addresses the assembled sages, gods, and Gandharvas, indicating an impending instruction or decision meant to deal with the threat.