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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa

कृपणान्‌ सतत दृष्टवा ततः संजायते कृपा । धर्मनिष्ठां यदा वेत्ति तदा शाम्यति सा कृपा

kṛpaṇān satataṃ dṛṣṭvā tataḥ saṃjāyate kṛpā | dharmaniṣṭhāṃ yadā vetti tadā śāmyati sā kṛpā ||

Bhīṣma nói: Thường xuyên nhìn thấy những kẻ keo kiệt, hẹp hòi, thì trong chính mình cũng nảy sinh sự ti tiện tương tự. Nhưng khi nhận ra tấm lòng rộng rãi của những người an trú trong dharma, sự ti tiện ấy lắng xuống và biến mất.

कृपणान्miserly/mean persons
कृपणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृपण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सततम्always, continually
सततम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
ततःfrom that, thereupon
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
संजायतेarises, is produced
संजायते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + जन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
कृपाpity/compassion
कृपा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृपा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मनिष्ठाम्steadfast in dharma
धर्मनिष्ठाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मनिष्ठा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
वेत्तिknows, understands
वेत्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
शाम्यतिis pacified, subsides
शाम्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
साthat (she/it), that very
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृपाpity/compassion
कृपा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृपा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

One’s character is shaped by what one repeatedly observes and keeps company with: constant exposure to miserly, petty conduct breeds the same tendency, while understanding and valuing the generosity of dharma-steady people dissolves that pettiness.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he explains a psychological-ethical principle: the mind imitates what it repeatedly witnesses, and noble exemplars can correct and calm ignoble tendencies.