Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 109

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

शोकदैन्यसमाविष्टा रुदन्तस्तस्थिरे तदा । स्वकार्यकुशलाभ्यां ते सम्भ्राम्यन्ते ह नैपुणात्‌

śoka-dainya-samāviṣṭā rudantas tasthire tadā | sva-kārya-kuśalābhyāṃ te sambhrāmyante ha naipuṇāt ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Bị nỗi sầu và cảnh khốn cùng bao phủ, họ đứng đó mà khóc. Dẫu kền kền và chó rừng đều khéo léo trong việc đạt lợi riêng, chính bởi mưu mẹo và xảo thuật của chúng mà những người ấy bị cuốn vào cơn rối loạn, không còn biết đường quyết định.”

शोकदैन्यसमाविष्टाःovercome/possessed by grief and wretchedness
शोकदैन्यसमाविष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशोक-दैन्य-समाविष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रुदन्तःweeping
रुदन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्थिरेstood/remained
तस्थिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
स्वकार्यकुशलाभ्याम्by the two who were skilled in their own task
स्वकार्यकुशलाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व-कार्य-कुशल
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Dual
तेthey/those (persons)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्भ्राम्यन्तेare made to whirl about / are bewildered
सम्भ्राम्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रम् (सम्-)
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नैपुणात्from/owing to skill, cleverness
नैपुणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनैपुण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Grief and dejection can paralyze even capable people; emotional overwhelm makes one vulnerable to being misled by others’ cleverness. Ethical steadiness and clarity of mind are implied prerequisites for right action (dharma).

A group, overcome by sorrow, stands weeping and immobilized. Despite their practical competence, they are driven into confusion by another party’s superior craftiness, indicating how psychological distress can be exploited.