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Shloka 106

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

भीष्म उवाच गृध्रो5स्तमित्याह गतो गतो नेति च जम्बुक: । मृतस्य तं परिजनमूचतुस्तौ क्षुधान्विती

bhīṣma uvāca gṛdhro 'stam ity āha gato gato neti ca jambukaḥ | mṛtasya taṃ parijanam ūcatus tau kṣudhānvitau ||

Bhishma nói: “Kền kền quả quyết: ‘Hắn đã hết (đã chết).’ Còn chó rừng thì cứ nói mãi: ‘Đi rồi, đi rồi—không, chưa đi!’ Thế là hai con ấy, bị cơn đói thúc đẩy, đã bàn về người chết và thân quyến của ông ta—cho thấy lòng tham có thể làm méo mó lời nói và sự phán đoán, ngay cả trong những việc liên quan đến sống, chết và bổn phận.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गृध्रःthe vulture
गृध्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृध्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तम्to the setting (west); down; to rest
अस्तम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्तम्
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहsaid
आह:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गतःgone
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
गतःgone (repeated)
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जम्बुकःthe jackal
जम्बुकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजम्बुक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृतस्यof the dead (man)
मृतस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिजनम्retinue; relatives; attendants
परिजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऊचतुःthe two said
ऊचतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
क्षुधान्वितौafflicted with hunger; hungry
क्षुधान्वितौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधान्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
vulture (gṛdhra)
J
jackal (jambuka)
A
a dead man (mṛta)
T
the dead man’s kinsfolk (parijana)

Educational Q&A

Hunger and craving can bend perception and speech, leading beings to interpret even death and social bonds in self-serving ways; ethical clarity requires mastery over such impulses.

Bhishma reports a brief scene where a vulture and a jackal, both hungry, comment differently on someone’s death—one asserting it is over, the other repeatedly insisting ‘gone—no, not gone’—as they speak about the dead person and his family, highlighting appetite-driven distortion.