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Shloka 47

Daṇḍa as the Foundation of Social Order (दण्डप्रतिष्ठा)

सुखेन धर्म श्रीमन्तश्नरन्ति शुचिवासस: । संवर्षन्त: फलैदनिर्भुज्जनाश्षान्नमुत्तमम्‌

sukhena dharmaṁ śrīmantas caranti śucivāsasaḥ | saṁvarṣantaḥ phalaiḥ dhānyair bhujānāś cānnam uttamam ||

Arjuna nói: “Những người phú quý, khoác y phục sạch sẽ, hành trì dharma một cách thong dong. Khi hưởng dùng lương thực thượng hạng, họ còn làm cho hoa trái và ngũ cốc dồi dào—như mưa đổ—nuôi dưỡng kẻ khác nhờ của cải và nếp sống quy củ của mình.”

सुखेनwith ease, comfortably
सुखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteous conduct
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रीमन्तःwealthy, prosperous
श्रीमन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रीमन्त्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चरन्तिpractice, observe
चरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
शुचिवाससःwearing clean garments
शुचिवाससः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचिवासस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संवर्षन्तःcausing to rain down, showering
संवर्षन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसंवर्षत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle), वृष् (वर्षणे) with सम्-
फलैःwith fruits
फलैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
धानैःwith grains
धानैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
भुञ्जानाःeating, enjoying
भुञ्जानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभुञ्जान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शानच् (present middle participle), भुज् (पालने/भक्षणे) here: भक्षणे
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent, best
उत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
P
prosperous/wealthy men (śrīmantas)

Educational Q&A

Material prosperity, when joined with purity of conduct, can make the practice of dharma easier and can enable generosity—symbolized as ‘raining’ fruits and grains—so that one’s well-being supports the wider community.

Arjuna is speaking and reflecting on how wealthy, well-ordered householders can follow dharma comfortably and, through their resources, provide abundant sustenance (food, grains, fruits) for others.