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Shloka 4

Gṛdhra–Jambuka Saṃvāda (Dialogue of the Vulture and the Jackal) — On Grief, Kāla, and Resolve

वर्चनैर्मधुरै: स्निग्धैरसंक्लिष्टमनोहरै: । कन्दरेषु च शैलानां नदीनां निर्झरिषु च

varcanair madhuraiḥ snigdhair asaṅkliṣṭa-manoharaiḥ | kandareṣu ca śailānāṁ nadīnāṁ nirjhariṣu ca |

Bhīṣma nói: “Bằng những lời dịu ngọt, thắm tình, trong trẻo không vướng phiền não, đầy sức quyến rũ, nàng đã làm lòng ta hoan hỷ. Ta đã cùng nàng rong chơi trong các hang núi, dọc bờ sông, và bên những dòng suối đổ ào ào.”

वचनैःby words/speech
वचनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
मधुरैःsweet
मधुरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
स्निग्धैःaffectionate/unctuous, kind
स्निग्धैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्निग्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
असंक्लिष्टuntroubled, not harsh
असंक्लिष्ट:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअसंक्लिष्ट
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
मनोहरैःcharming, delightful
मनोहरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोहर
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
कन्दरेषुin caves/gullies
कन्दरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकन्दर
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शैलानाम्of mountains
शैलानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशैल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नदीनाम्of rivers
नदीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
निर्झरिषुat waterfalls/cascades
निर्झरिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्झरि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
M
mountains (śaila)
C
caves (kandara)
R
rivers (nadī)
S
springs/waterfalls (nirjharī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical power of speech: gentle, affectionate, and untroubling words can bring joy and sustain harmony. In the Shanti Parva’s moral instruction, such speech is a practical form of dharma—creating peace through self-controlled, pleasing communication.

The speaker recalls being delighted by another’s sweet and affectionate words and remembers shared wanderings in natural settings—mountain caves, riverbanks, and near cascades—using serene landscape imagery to convey intimacy, comfort, and the emotional effect of kind speech.