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Shloka 53

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

“शत्रु ककणाजनक वचन बोल रहा हो तो भी उसे मारे बिना न छोड़े। जिसने पहले अपना अपकार किया हो, उसको अवश्य मार डाले और उसमें दु:ख न माने ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | saṅgrahānugrahe yatnaḥ sadā kāryo 'n-asūyatā | nigrahaś cāpi yatnena kartavyo bhūtim icchatā ||

Bhīṣma nói: Dù kẻ thù có nói lời làm yên lòng, cũng chớ thả hắn khi chưa trừng trị. Kẻ đã từng gây hại trước đó thì nhất định phải bị diệt, và đừng xem đó là điều để đau buồn. Vị vua cầu thịnh vượng và quyền uy phải bỏ thói soi lỗi, bỏ lòng ganh ghét; luôn nỗ lực thu phục và giữ người về phe mình bằng sự nâng đỡ và ân huệ, đồng thời cũng phải cố ý mà kiềm chế, khuất phục các thế lực thù địch.

संग्रहin winning over / in conciliation (of people)
संग्रह:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अनुग्रहेin showing favor / in granting help
अनुग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्नःeffort
यत्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
कार्यःto be done / should be made
कार्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयताfreedom from envy / non-censoriousness
अनसूयता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनसूयता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
निग्रहःrestraint / suppression (of enemies)
निग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
यत्नेनby effort
यत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्तव्यःought to be done
कर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतिम्prosperity / success
भूतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इच्छताby (one) desiring
इच्छता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A ruler aiming at prosperity should combine two disciplines: (1) saṅgraha and anugraha—winning, retaining, and supporting people through benevolence; and (2) nigraha—firmly restraining enemies and disruptive forces. Both require steady, intentional effort, and should be pursued without envy or fault-finding.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on practical governance. Here he summarizes a balanced policy: cultivate allies and subjects through favor and inclusion, while also suppressing threats to the kingdom with disciplined resolve.