Shloka 98

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

Devanagari script

भार्या देशो5थ मित्राणि पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवा: । एते सर्वे गुणवति धर्मनेत्रे महीपतौ

Transliteration

bhāryā deśo 'tha mitrāṇi putra-sambandhi-bāndhavāḥ | ete sarve guṇavati dharma-netre mahīpatau |

Translation

Brahmadatta nói: Khi bậc quân vương của một xứ sở có đức hạnh và lấy Dharma (Chánh pháp) làm ngọn đèn dẫn đường, thì người vợ, đất nước, bạn hữu, con cái và bà con thân thuộc—hết thảy đều hưng thịnh, đầy đủ phẩm chất tốt đẹp. Sự chính trực của nhà vua trở thành trục đạo lý, nâng cao nhân cách và an lạc của toàn thể xã hội và quốc độ.

Word by Word

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• देशः: country/land
• देशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: and/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• मित्राणि: friends
• मित्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः: kinsmen/relatives connected through sons (son-related relations)
• पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र-सम्बन्धिन्-बान्धव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गुणवति: in/when (someone) is virtuous
• गुणवति: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुणवत्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• धर्मनेत्रे: in/when (he) has dharma as his guide; dharma-guided
• धर्मनेत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-नेत्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• महीपतौ: in the king (lord of the earth)
• महीपतौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Brahmadatta
• mahīpati (king)
• deśa (realm/country)
• bhāryā (wife)
• mitra (friends)
• putra (sons)
• sambandhi-bāndhava (relatives/kinsmen)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The moral quality of governance shapes society: a king who is virtuous and dharma-guided uplifts the character and welfare of family, friends, kin, and the entire realm.

What is happening in the narrative?

Brahmadatta is stating a principle of rājadharma in the Shanti Parva: the ruler’s righteousness directly influences the prosperity and virtue of those connected to him and of the country he governs.