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Shloka 43

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

तत्र दाता न हन्तव्य: क्षत्रियेण विशेषतः । प्रकाशं वाप्रकाशं वा बुद्ध्वा दोषबलाबलम्‌

tatra dātā na hantavyaḥ kṣatriyeṇa viśeṣataḥ | prakāśaṃ vāprakāśaṃ vā buddhvā doṣa-balābalam ||

Vì vậy, người có ơn—kẻ hay bố thí và nâng đỡ người khác—không nên bị giết; điều ấy lại càng ràng buộc nghiêm ngặt đối với một kṣatriya. Dù công khai hay bí mật, bậc quân vương chớ giơ tay hại người như thế nếu chưa xét rõ bản chất lỗi lầm và cân nhắc mức độ nặng nhẹ; chỉ sau khi định liệu tội ấy nhẹ hay nặng mới nên hành động.

तत्रthere/in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
दाताa giver/benefactor
दाता:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हन्तव्यःto be killed / should not be killed
हन्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियेणby a kshatriya
क्षत्रियेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः
प्रकाशम्openly/in public
प्रकाशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अप्रकाशम्secretly/not in public
अप्रकाशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood/considered
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
दोषfault/offence
दोष:
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बलstrength/weight
बल:
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अबलम्weakness/lightness
अबलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

ब्रह्मदत्त (Brahmadatta)
क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must exercise restraint: a known benefactor should not be killed, and any response to wrongdoing must be preceded by careful assessment of the offense’s seriousness and weight, avoiding rash or covert violence.

Brahmadatta is instructing on righteous governance and kṣatriya conduct, emphasizing that even when dealing with faults, a king should first judge the gravity of the offense and should not strike down a person recognized for generosity and public benefit.