Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Draupadī’s Exhortation on Rājadharma and Daṇḍa (द्रौपद्याः राजधर्मोपदेशः)

न श्रुतेन न दानेन न सान्त्वेन न चेज्यया । त्वयेयं पृथिवी लब्धा न संकोचेन चाप्युत

na śrutena na dānena na sāntvena na cejyayā | tvayeyaṃ pṛthivī labdhā na saṃkocena cāpy uta ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Quyền bá chủ trên cõi đất này không phải ngươi giành được nhờ nghe thánh giáo, cũng không nhờ bố thí, không nhờ lời lẽ hòa giải thuyết phục, không nhờ cử hành tế lễ; và quả thật cũng chẳng phải do tự hạ mình hay van xin khiêm nhường mà có. Nó đến với ngươi bằng con đường khác—hàm ý sức mạnh và bạo lực hơn là những đức hạnh vốn làm cho quyền trị vì trở nên chính đáng.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रुतेनby hearing (of scripture/learning)
श्रुतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दानेनby giving (charity)
दानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सान्त्वेनby conciliation/soothing words
सान्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसान्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इज्ययाby sacrifice/worship (yajña-performance)
इज्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइज्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीearth; kingdom
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
लब्धाobtained
लब्धा:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सङ्कोचेनby shrinking/hesitation; by humility/retreat
सङ्कोचेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्कोच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उतindeed; and further
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
pṛthivī (the earth/kingdom)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts dharmic means of gaining authority—learning, generosity, conciliation, and sacrifice—with the implied reality that the realm was secured by non-dharmic means such as coercion or force. It questions the moral legitimacy of power when it is not grounded in virtue.

Vaiśampāyana, narrating the discourse in Śānti Parva, reports a pointed assessment addressed to a ruler: the earth/kingdom has not been obtained through recognized righteous practices (study, charity, diplomacy, ritual), nor through humble restraint—suggesting it was gained through harsher political action, setting up a reflection on rightful governance.