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Shloka 17

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

यस्त्वमित्रेण संदध्यान्मित्रेण च विरुद्धयते । अर्थयुक्ति समालोक्य सुमहद्‌ विन्दते फलम्‌

yas tv amitreṇa sandadhyān mitreṇa ca virudhyate | arthayuktiṃ samālokya sumahad vindate phalam ||

Bhishma nói: Kẻ nào xét thấu mưu lược của lợi thế, sẵn sàng lập ước ngay cả với kẻ thù khi điều đó phục vụ mục đích của mình, và dám đối đầu cả bạn bè khi họ cản trở đường đi, thì sẽ đạt được kết quả rất lớn.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अमित्रेणwith an enemy
अमित्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
संदध्यात्should make (a pact)/should join
संदध्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Non-past (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मित्रेणwith a friend
मित्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विरुद्ध्यतेopposes/is at variance
विरुद्ध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-रुध्
FormPresent (Lat), Present, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
अर्थयुक्तिम्expedient policy/means for advantage
अर्थयुक्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थयुक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समालोक्यhaving considered/observed
समालोक्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-लोक्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund, -ya), Parasmaipada (usage)
सुमहत्very great
सुमहत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-महत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विन्दतेfinds/obtains
विन्दते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent (Lat), Present, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemy (amitra)
F
friend/ally (mitra)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches pragmatic discernment in policy: one should evaluate relationships by artha-yukti (strategic reasoning about benefit and purpose). If circumstances demand, peace with an enemy and resistance to a friend may be justified to secure a larger objective and yield great results.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and conduct, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on rajadharma. Here he states a principle of alliance-management: do not treat 'friend' and 'enemy' as permanent categories; act after weighing the situation and the intended outcome.