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Shloka 1

Āpad-dharma and Discernment in Livelihood (आपद्धर्मे विज्ञानबलम्)

ऑपनआक्रा बछ। जज स::ः: - आशाको अत्यन्त कृश कहनेका तात्पर्य यह है कि वह मनुष्यको अत्यन्त कृश बना देती है। एकोनत्रिशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: यम और गौतमका संवाद युधिछिर उवाच नामृतस्येव पर्याप्तिर्ममास्ति ब्रुवति त्वयि । यथा हि स्वात्मवृत्तिस्थस्तथा तृप्तोडस्मि भारत

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | amṛtasyeva paryāptir mamāsti bruvati tvayi | yathā hi svātmavṛttisthaḥ tathā tṛpto'smi bhārata ||

Yudhiṣṭhira thưa: Hỡi hậu duệ Bharata, khi ngài cất lời, lòng ta chẳng hề biết thế nào là “đủ”—cũng như uống cam lộ không bao giờ làm thỏa mãn, trái lại còn khơi dậy khát vọng uống thêm. Và như một hành giả du-già, chìm sâu trong quán niệm về Đại Ngã tối thượng, được viên mãn bởi niềm an lạc vô thượng, thì ta cũng vậy: khi lắng nghe lời giáo huấn của ngài, ta cảm thấy một sự mãn nguyện sâu xa.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
amṛtasyaof nectar
amṛtasya:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootamṛta
Formneuter, genitive, singular
ivaas if/like
iva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva
paryāptiḥsatiation/sufficiency
paryāptiḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootparyāpti
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
mamaof me/my
mama:
TypePronoun
Rootmad
Formgenitive, singular
astiis/exists
asti:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formpresent indicative, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
bruvatiwhen (you are) speaking
bruvati:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootbrū
Formśatṛ (present active participle), masculine, locative, singular
tvayiin you/when you
tvayi:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Roottvad
Formlocative, singular
yathājust as
yathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
svātma-vṛtti-sthaḥabiding in one’s own self-state
svātma-vṛtti-sthaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsvātma-vṛtti-stha
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
tathāso/thus
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
tṛptaḥsatisfied
tṛptaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Roottṛpta
Formkta (past passive participle used adjectivally), masculine, nominative, singular
asmiI am
asmi:
TypeVerb
Rootas
Formpresent indicative, 1st, singular, parasmaipada
bhārataO Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)
bhārata:
TypeNoun
Rootbhārata
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhārata (addressee, descendant of Bharata)
A
Amṛta (nectar/ambrosia)
S
Svātman (the Self)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises the inexhaustible value of dharma-instruction: true wisdom does not produce boredom or satiety; like nectar it increases longing for more, and like yogic absorption it yields inner fulfillment.

At the opening of the chapter, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses the elder teacher (styled ‘Bhārata’) and expresses that he never feels ‘enough’ of the ongoing counsel on dharma; listening both intensifies his desire to hear more and brings him a yogin-like contentment.