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Shloka 2

Āśā-prabhava (आशाप्रभव) — On the Rise and Power of Hope/Expectation

Sumitra Itihāsa Begins

यदि तच्छक्यमस्माभिर्ञातुं धर्मभूतां वर । श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्‌ सर्व यथैतदुपलभ्यते,धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ! यदि मै उसे जान सकूँ तो जिस प्रकार शीलकी उपलब्धि होती है, वह सब सुनना चाहता हूँ

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | yadi tac chakyam asmābhir jñātuṁ dharmabhūtāṁ vara | śrotum icchāmi tat sarvaṁ yathaitad upalabhyate ||

Yudhiṣṭhira thưa: “Ôi bậc tối thượng trong hàng người sống theo Dharma, nếu con có thể biết được điều thật sự mang bản tính của Dharma, con nguyện được nghe trọn vẹn—rằng đức hạnh/đạo hạnh (śīla) này phải được hiểu thế nào và đạt được ra sao.”

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अस्माभिःby us
अस्माभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, plural
ज्ञातुम्to know
ज्ञातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormInfinitive (tumun)
धर्मभूताम्having the nature of dharma; righteous (as a quality/thing)
धर्मभूताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मभूत
FormFeminine, accusative, singular
वरO best one
वर:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इच्छामिI wish/desire
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, 1st person, singular, parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
यथाas; in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
उपलभ्यतेis obtained/attained
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent, 3rd person, singular, atmanepada (passive sense: 'is obtained')

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as something that must be both understood and practically realized; Yudhiṣṭhira requests a complete explanation of the means by which righteous conduct (śīla/ācāra implied) is apprehended and attained.

In the instruction-heavy Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira, seeking guidance after the war, addresses a revered righteous authority and asks to hear in full how true dharma is known and how right conduct is obtained.