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Shloka 55

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

भीष्म उवाच इतीदं वसुहोमस्य शृणुयाद्‌ यो मतं नर: । श्रुत्वा सम्यक्‌ प्रवर्तेत सर्वान्‌ कामानवाप्रुयात्‌

bhīṣma uvāca: itīdaṃ vasuhomasya śṛṇuyād yo mataṃ naraḥ | śrutvā samyak pravarteta sarvān kāmān avāpnuyāt ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi Yudhiṣṭhira, bất kỳ ai—nhất là bậc cầm quyền—lắng nghe giáo huấn này về Vasu-homa, rồi sau khi nghe mà hành xử đúng theo đó, sẽ đạt được sự viên mãn mọi mục tiêu và ước nguyện. Câu kệ nhấn mạnh rằng tri thức nghi lễ chỉ kết quả khi đi đôi với hạnh kiểm đúng mực và kỷ luật.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वसुहोमस्यof the Vasu-homa (rite/oblation to the Vasus)
वसुहोमस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवसुहोम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शृणुयात्should hear
शृणुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मतम्the doctrine/opinion
मतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
सम्यक्properly, correctly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
प्रवर्तेतshould engage/act accordingly
प्रवर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रवृत्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कामान्desires, wishes
कामान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अवाप्नुयात्should obtain
अवाप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअवाप्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
V
Vasu-homa

Educational Q&A

Hearing sacred instruction is not enough; one must act in accordance with it. When ritual teaching (here, the Vasu-homa doctrine) is combined with proper conduct, it becomes efficacious and leads to the attainment of one’s legitimate aims.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma concludes a section on the Vasu-homa by stating its promised result: a ruler or person who listens to this teaching and then lives by it gains the fulfillment of desires.