Shloka 119

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

Devanagari script

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्ाभारत शान्तिपर्वके अन्तर्गत राजधर्मानुशासनपर्वमें कुत्ता और ऋषिका संवादविषयक एक सौ उतन्नीसवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

Transliteration

Iti prakāraḥ Śrīmahābhārate Śāntiparva-ke antargata Rājadharmānuśāsanaparvaṇi kuttā-ṛṣikā-saṃvāda-viṣayaka eka-śata-unnaviṃśat-tamo 'dhyāyaḥ pūrṇaḥ.

Translation

Như vậy, chương thứ một trăm mười chín trong phần Rājadharmānuśāsana thuộc Śānti Parva của Śrī Mahābhārata—nói về cuộc đối thoại giữa một con chó và một nữ ẩn sĩ—đã kết thúc. Đây là lời kết (colophon) đánh dấu sự hoàn tất của đơn vị này, đặt toàn bộ luận bàn trước đó như một lời chỉ giáo về vương pháp và phép trị quốc theo đạo lý, qua một tấm gương luân lý.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• प्रकारेण: in this manner
• प्रकारेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकार
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• श्रीमहा-भारत-शान्ति-पर्व-के: of the Śrī Mahābhārata’s Śānti-parvan
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रीमहा-भारत-शान्ति-पर्व
• Form: neuter, genitive, singular

• अन्तर्गत: included/contained (within)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर्गत
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• राज-धर्म-अनुशासन-पर्व-में: in the Rājadharmānuśāsana-parvan
• राज-धर्म-अनुशासन-पर्व-में: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज-धर्म-अनुशासन-पर्व
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• कुत्ता: dog
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुत्त
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• ऋषिका: female sage (ṛṣikā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषिका
• Form: feminine, nominative, singular

• संवाद-विषयक: concerning the dialogue
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संवाद-विषयक
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• एक: one
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• शत: hundred
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• उन्नविंशतितमः: one-hundred-nineteenth
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उन्नविंशतितम
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अध्यायः: chapter
• अध्यायः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्याय
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• पूर्णः: completed/finished
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ण
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अभवत्: was/became
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: imperfect (laṅ), third, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Śrī Mahābhārata
• Śānti Parva
• Rājadharmānuśāsana Parva
• Dog (kuttā)
• Female ascetic/sage (ṛṣikā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

As a chapter-colophon, the line chiefly signals that the preceding discourse—cast as a dialogue between a dog and a female ascetic—belongs to the Mahābhārata’s instruction on rājadharma (the ethical duties of rulers). It frames the story as a moral exemplum meant to guide governance and conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

This is the formal closing statement for the chapter: it announces that the 119th chapter on the ‘dog and ṛṣikā’ dialogue, situated within the Rājadharmānuśāsana portion of Śānti Parva, has concluded, with Bhīṣma as the speaker in the surrounding discourse.