Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Bhṛtya-niyoga: Role-appropriate appointment of servants and protection of the royal treasury (भृत्यनियोगः कोशरक्षणं च)

एतैरेव गुणैर्युक्तो राजा शास्त्रविशारद: । एष्टव्यो धर्मपरम: प्रजापालनतत्पर:

etair eva guṇair yukto rājā śāstraviśāradaḥ | eṣṭavyo dharmaparamaḥ prajā-pālana-tatparaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Chính nhà vua cũng phải hội đủ những phẩm chất ấy. Vua phải tinh thông śāstra, lấy dharma làm tối thượng, và một lòng chăm lo bảo hộ, nuôi dưỡng muôn dân. Chỉ bậc quân vương như thế mới thật đáng để dân chúng gửi gắm.”

एतैःwith these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
गुणैःqualities/virtues
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युक्तःendowed (with)
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्रविशारदःskilled in the scriptures
शास्त्रविशारदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशास्त्रविशारद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एष्टव्यःto be desired/fit to be sought
एष्टव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्टव्य (√इष्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मपरमःhaving dharma as the highest (aim)
धर्मपरमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजापालनतत्परःdevoted to protecting the subjects
प्रजापालनतत्परः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रजापालनतत्पर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
P
prajā (subjects/people)
Ś
śāstra
D
dharma

Educational Q&A

A ruler becomes worthy of acceptance only when virtue is joined with learning: mastery of śāstra, supremacy of dharma in decision-making, and unwavering commitment to protecting and sustaining the people.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhīṣma continues advising on rājadharma, describing the traits that make a king fit to be desired by his subjects—learned, righteous, and devoted to public welfare.