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Shloka 13

Adhyāya 118: Saciva-parīkṣā

Testing and Appointment of Ministers/Servants

अष्टपादूर्ध्नयन: शरभो वनगोचर: । तं सिंहं हन्तुमागच्छन्मुनेस्तस्य निवेशनम्‌

aṣṭapādūrdhvanayanaḥ śarabho vanagocaraḥ | taṃ siṃhaṃ hantum āgacchan munes tasya niveśanam |

Bhīṣma nói: Một con śarabha kỳ dị—loài thú rừng có tám chân và đôi mắt hướng ngược lên trời—đã đến nơi ở của vị ẩn sĩ, với ý định giết con sư tử ấy. Là kẻ săn mồi hung bạo, nó gieo rắc nỗi kinh hoàng trong lòng muôn thú nơi rừng thẳm khi tiến gần am thất, đem mối đe dọa đẫm máu vào chốn vốn dành cho an tịnh và tự chế.

अष्टपादःeight-footed
अष्टपादः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टपाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऊर्ध्वनयनःhaving eyes turned upward
ऊर्ध्वनयनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्वनयन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरभःŚarabha (a fierce beast)
शरभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वनगोचरःroaming in the forest
वनगोचरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवनगोचर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्that (him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सिंहम्lion
सिंहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्तुम्to kill
हन्तुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormTumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
आगच्छत्came
आगच्छत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मुनेःof the sage
मुनेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof that (his)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
निवेशनम्dwelling; abode (hermitage)
निवेशनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवेशन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Ś
śarabha
L
lion (siṃha)
S
sage (muni)
H
hermitage/dwelling (niveśana)
F
forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up an ethical contrast: a place of tapas and restraint (the sage’s dwelling) is threatened by unchecked हिंसा (violence). It prepares the listener to reflect on dharma as protection—how the strong should be restrained from harming the vulnerable, and how peace can be disrupted when predatory impulses dominate.

A powerful śarabha—described as eight-footed and upward-eyed—arrives in the forest and comes to the sage’s residence with the intention of killing a lion. Its approach terrifies other forest creatures, signaling imminent danger at the hermitage.