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Shloka 19

Adhyāya 115: On Restraint Under Verbal Provocation in the Assembly (सभायां आक्रोश-सहिष्णुता)

प्रत्युच्यमानस्त्वभि भूय एभि- निशाम्य मा भूस्त्वमथार्तरूप: । उच्चस्य नीचेन हि सम्प्रयोगं विगर्हयन्ति स्थिरबुद्धयों ये

pratyucyamānas tv abhi bhūya ebhir niśāmya mā bhūs tvam athārtarūpaḥ | uccasya nīcena hi samprayogaṁ vigarhayanti sthirabuddhayo ye ||

Bhishma nói: Khi thấy người tốt bị hạng ấy khiêu khích hết lần này đến lần khác, bị lôi kéo vào việc đáp trả, hãy ngăn người ấy lại và nói: “Đừng buồn khổ, đừng mang vẻ đau đớn.” Vì người có trí kiên định lên án mọi sự giao hội—mọi sự đặt ngang hàng—giữa bậc cao quý và kẻ hèn mọn.

प्रत्युच्यमानःbeing replied to / when being answered
प्रत्युच्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उच् (धातु) → प्रत्युक्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय: शानच्/मान)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अभिtowards / against
अभि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि
भूयःagain / further
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
एभिःby these (people/words)
एभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
निशाम्यhaving heard / having noticed
निशाम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-शम् (धातु) → निशाम्य (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
भूःbe (you)
भूः:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अथthen / now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
आर्त-रूपःof distressed appearance
आर्त-रूपः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्तरूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्चस्यof a noble/high (person)
उच्चस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्च
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
नीचेनwith a low/base (person)
नीचेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनीच
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सम्प्रयोगम्association / contact
सम्प्रयोगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विगर्हयन्तिthey censure / condemn
विगर्हयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-गर्ह् (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural
स्थिर-बुद्धयःthe firm-minded (people)
स्थिर-बुद्धयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थिरबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Do not let a virtuous person be drawn into distressing exchanges with base people; the wise regard such engagement as a degrading association, so restraint and dignity are preferable to retaliatory speech.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous conduct, he advises that when wicked people attack and slander, a well-disposed person may feel compelled to reply; one should instead restrain him and remind him not to grieve, because the steadfast condemn a noble person’s entanglement with the ignoble.