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Shloka 11

Ālasyadoṣa-nirdeśa (On the Fault of Negligence) — The Camel’s Long-Neck Exemplum

अथ शीतपरीताज्रो जम्बुक: क्षुच्छुमान्वित: । सदारस्तां गुहामाशु प्रविवेश जलार्दित:

atha śītaparītāṅgo jambukaḥ kṣucchramānvitaḥ | sadāras tāṁ guhām āśu praviveśa jalārditaḥ ||

Rồi khi mưa bắt đầu, một con chó rừng—tứ chi cứng đờ vì lạnh, bị hành hạ bởi đói khát và nhọc nhằn, lại ướt sũng vì nước—vội vã cùng bạn tình chui vào hang ấy.

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
शीतपरीताङ्गःwhose limbs were seized/stiffened by cold
शीतपरीताङ्गः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशीतपरीताङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जम्बुकःjackal
जम्बुकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजम्बुक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षुच्छ्रम्hunger-distress (hunger and hardship)
क्षुच्छ्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुच्छ्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्वितःendowed with/afflicted by
अन्वितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सदारःtogether with (his) wife
सदारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसदार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गुहाम्cave
गुहाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आशुquickly
आशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
प्रविवेशentered
प्रविवेश:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
जलार्दितःdistressed/afflicted by water (rain-soaked)
जलार्दितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजलार्दित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

उड्ड उवाच

J
jambuka (jackal)
J
jackal's mate (dārā)
G
guhā (cave)
Ś
śīta (cold)
J
jala (water/rain)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a situation of acute suffering—cold, hunger, exhaustion, and being drenched—preparing the ethical ground for how one should act when vulnerable: seeking shelter, protecting dependents, and recognizing that hardship tests (and reveals) character and dharma.

With the onset of rains, a jackal, weakened by hunger and fatigue and stiff with cold, rushes into a cave for refuge, bringing his mate along. It is a transition into a shelter-setting where subsequent events and moral points can unfold.