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Shloka 20

Durgātitaraṇa—Conduct for Crossing Difficulties (दुर्गातितरणम्)

जो दूसरोंसे सम्मान नहीं चाहते, जो स्वयं ही दूसरोंको सम्मान देते हैं और सम्माननीय पुरुषोंको नमस्कार करते हैं, वे दुर्लघ्य संकटोंसे पार हो जाते हैं ।।

yo dūsarebhyaḥ sammānaṁ na icchanti, ye svayam eva dūsarān sammānaṁ dadati ca sammānīyān puruṣān namaskurvanti, te durlaṅghyān saṅkaṭān atitaranti. ye ca śrāddhāni kurvanti tithyāṁ tithyāṁ prajārthinaḥ, suviśuddhena manasā durgāṇy atitaranti te.

Bhīṣma nói: Những ai không khao khát được người khác tôn vinh, mà tự mình tôn kính người khác và cúi lạy bậc đáng kính—họ vượt qua được những gian nan khó vượt. Cũng vậy, những ai mong có con nối dõi, và vào mỗi ngày tithi theo lịch trăng đều làm lễ śrāddha cúng tổ tiên với tâm ý hoàn toàn thanh tịnh—họ cũng vượt khỏi những tai ương hiểm trở tưởng như không thể qua.

येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्राद्धानिśrāddha rites
श्राद्धानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुर्वन्तिdo, perform
कुर्वन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तिथ्याम्on a lunar day (tithi)
तिथ्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतिथि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
तिथ्याम्on each (every) tithi
तिथ्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतिथि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रजार्थिनःdesiring offspring
प्रजार्थिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रजा-अर्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सुविशुद्धेनwith very pure
सुविशुद्धेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-विशुद्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मनसाwith mind, with heart
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दुर्गाणिdifficulties, dangers, hardships
दुर्गाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अतितरन्तिcross over, overcome
अतितरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-तॄ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that humility and active respect—not craving recognition, honoring others, and bowing to the truly venerable—create moral strength that helps one overcome severe crises. He adds that sincere, pure-minded performance of ancestral śrāddha, especially by one seeking progeny, is also presented as a dharmic support that carries a person through difficult misfortunes.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he is listing conduct and observances that protect a person in adversity: social-ethical discipline (humility and honoring the worthy) and ritual-ancestral duty (regular śrāddha performed with purity of intention).