Shloka 32
मातापितृगुरुपूजा-प्रशंसा
Praise of Venerating Mother, Father, and Teacher
मित्रद्रुह: कृतघ्नस्य स्त्रीघ्नस्य गुरुघातिन: । चतुर्णा वयमेतेषां निष्कृतिं नानुशुश्रुम
mitradruhaḥ kṛtaghnasya strīghnasya gurughātinaḥ | caturṇāṁ vayam eteṣāṁ niṣkṛtiṁ nānuśuśruma ||
Bhīṣma nói: Với kẻ phản bội bạn bè, kẻ vô ơn, kẻ sát hại phụ nữ, và kẻ giết thầy—đối với bốn hạng người ấy, ta chưa từng nghe có sự sám hối nào có thể thật sự tẩy trừ tội lỗi.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma teaches that betrayal of friendship, ingratitude, killing a woman, and killing one’s guru are regarded as exceptionally grave violations of dharma, for which tradition does not recognize a reliable expiation; the emphasis is on prevention and the near-irreparability of such moral rupture.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and conduct, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira about the hierarchy of sins and the limits of ritual or penitential remedies, highlighting four offenses treated as beyond ordinary atonement.