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Shloka 24

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

मार्दवं दण्ड आलस्यं प्रमादश्न सुरोत्तम । माया: सुविहिता: शक्र सादयन्त्यविचक्षणम्‌

mārdavaṁ daṇḍa ālasyaṁ pramādaś ca surottama | māyāḥ suvihitāḥ śakra sādayanty avicakṣaṇam ||

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi bậc tối thượng trong chư thiên, hỡi Shakra (Indra): sự mềm yếu đặt sai chỗ, hình phạt hà khắc, thói lười biếng và sự lơ là—cùng những mưu kế được kẻ thù vận dụng khéo léo—đều đẩy một vị vua thiếu minh tri đến chỗ suy vong và khổ nạn.”

मार्दवम्softness, gentleness
मार्दवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमार्दव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दण्डःpunishment, rod (coercive power)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आलस्यम्laziness
आलस्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआलस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रमादःcarelessness, negligence
प्रमादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुरोत्तमO best of the gods
सुरोत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootसुरोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मायाःdeceptions, stratagems
मायाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सुविहिताःwell-arranged, well-applied
सुविहिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-विहित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
शक्रO Śakra (Indra)
शक्र:
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सादयन्तिthey afflict, they bring to ruin
सादयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootसद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Active
अविचक्षणम्the undiscerning (person/king)
अविचक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविचक्षण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
I
Indra (Shakra)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must balance gentleness and punishment with discernment and vigilance; idleness and negligence, along with enemy stratagems, can quickly ruin an undiscerning king.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance (rajadharma), Bhishma addresses Indra and lists key causes of a king’s downfall—misplaced softness, harshness, sloth, carelessness, and enemies’ well-planned deceptions.