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Shloka 16

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

शत्रुके द्वारा उपेक्षा अथवा अवहेलना की जानेपर भी राजा अपने मनमें हिम्मत न हारे। वह मन्त्रियोंसहित मन्त्रवेत्ता महापुरुषोंके साथ कर्त्तव्यका निश्चय करके समय आनेपर जब शत्रुकी स्थिति कुछ डाँवाडोल हो जाय, तब उसपर प्रहार करे और विश्वासपात्र पुरुषोंको भेजकर उनके द्वारा शत्रुकी सेनामें फूट डलवा दे ।।

śatruṇā kṛtām upekṣām avajñāṁ vā prāpya api rājā manasā dhṛtiṁ na hārayet | sa mantribhiḥ saha mantravidbhir mahāpuruṣaiḥ saha kartavyasya niścayaṁ kṛtvā kāle prāpte yadā śatroḥ sthitiḥ kiñcid vyākulā bhavati tadā tasmin prahāraṁ kuryāt | viśvāsapātrān puruṣān preṣya teṣāṁ dvārā śatroḥ senāyāṁ bhedaṁ janayet || ādi-madhyāvasāna-jñaḥ pracchannaṁ ca vidhārayet | balāni dūṣayed asya jānann eva pramāṇataḥ ||

Bhishma nói: “Dẫu bị kẻ thù coi thường hay khinh miệt, bậc quân vương cũng chớ nản lòng. Sau khi bàn định cùng các đại thần và những bậc tinh thông mưu lược, hãy xác định điều phải làm. Khi thời cơ chín muồi—khi thế đứng của địch trở nên chao đảo—hãy ra tay. Lại hãy sai những người thân tín đi gieo bất hòa trong quân địch. Biết rõ lãnh thổ của địch từ đầu đến giữa đến cuối, hãy nghị bàn trong kín đáo; và sau khi đã thẩm định chính xác thực lực của địch, hãy tìm cách làm suy yếu nó bằng cách tạo ra chia rẽ.”

आदिbeginning
आदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
मध्यmiddle
मध्य:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अवसानend, termination
अवसान:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवसान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञःknowing, aware
ज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रच्छन्नम्secretly, concealed (thing/plan)
प्रच्छन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रच्छन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विधारयेत्should determine/decide, should hold (in mind)
विधारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धृ
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलानिforces, armies
बलानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दूषयेत्should corrupt/spoil (create dissension in)
दूषयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदूष्
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अस्यof him/this (i.e., of the enemy)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जानन्knowing
जानन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रमाणतःaccording to measure/accurately, with certainty
प्रमाणतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रमाण

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
E
enemy (śatru)
M
ministers/counsellors (mantriṇaḥ)
T
trusted agents (viśvāsapātrāḥ puruṣāḥ)
E
enemy army (śatroḥ senā)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must maintain inner firmness despite provocation, decide duty through expert counsel, act only at the right moment, and use informed, covert measures—including creating divisions in the enemy’s forces—to protect the kingdom.

In Bhishma’s instruction on rajadharma in the Shanti Parva, he advises the king on how to respond to an enemy’s contempt: deliberate secretly with ministers, assess the enemy’s strength and boundaries, wait for instability, then strike and employ trusted agents to fracture the enemy’s army.