Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

विरमेच्छुष्कवैरेभ्य: कण्ठायासांश्व वर्जयेत्‌ । यथा वैतंसिको युक्तो द्विजानां सदृशस्वन:

bhīṣma uvāca | viramec chuṣkavairebhyaḥ kaṇṭhāyāsāṃś ca varjayet | yathā vaitaṃsiko yukto dvijānāṃ sadṛśasvanaḥ purandara |

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi Purandara, hãy dứt bỏ những mối thù khô cằn, vô lợi, và tránh những cuộc tranh biện chỉ làm rát cổ. Như kẻ bẫy chim lão luyện, chăm chú vào việc mình, bắt chước đúng tiếng chim và chớp lấy thời cơ để khiến chúng rơi vào tay—cũng vậy, một vị vua cần mẫn phải từng bước đưa kẻ thù vào vòng khống chế của mình (rồi sau đó xử trí theo phép trị quốc).”

विरमेत्should desist/stop
विरमेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-रम्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, parasmaipada
शुष्कवैरेभ्यःfrom barren/fruitless enmities
शुष्कवैरेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्कवैर
Formneuter, ablative, plural
कण्ठायासान्throat-straining exertions (i.e., wrangling debates)
कण्ठायासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकण्ठायास
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्जयेत्should avoid/abandon
वर्जयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृज् (वर्ज्)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, parasmaipada
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वैतंसिकःa bird-catcher/fowler
वैतंसिकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैतंसिक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
युक्तःengaged/intent, properly employed
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, kta (past passive participle)
द्विजानाम्of the birds (lit. twice-born)
द्विजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
सदृशस्वनःhaving a sound/voice similar (to theirs)
सदृशस्वनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृशस्वन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुरंदरO Purandara (Indra / epithet of king)
पुरंदर:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (भीष्म)
P
Purandara/Indra (पुरंदर)
V
vaitaṃsika (bird-catcher)
D
dvija (birds, metaphorical)

Educational Q&A

Do not waste energy on fruitless hostility or loud, exhausting quarrels; instead, act with disciplined strategy—patiently and intelligently gaining control over adversaries rather than engaging in empty contention.

In Bhishma’s instruction on kingship and policy, he addresses the listener as ‘Purandara’ and uses the simile of a bird-catcher who imitates birds’ calls to lure and capture them, illustrating how a king should methodically subdue enemies through calculated means.