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Shloka 34

Jaitrya-nimitta: Signs of Prospective Victory and the Priority of Conciliation (जयलक्षण-निमित्त तथा सान्त्व-प्रधान नीति)

प्रहरिष्यन्‌ प्रियं ब्रूयात्‌ प्रहरन्नपि भारत | प्रहत्य च कृपायीत शोचन्निव रुदन्निव,भरतनन्दन! राजा शत्रुपर प्रहार करनेसे पहले और प्रहार करते समय भी उससे प्रिय वचन ही बोले। प्रहारके बाद भी शोक प्रकट करते और रोते हुए-से उसके प्रति दया दिखावे

praharīṣyan priyaṁ brūyāt praharann api bhārata | prahatya ca kṛpāyīta śocann iva rudann iva ||

Bhishma nói: “Hỡi hậu duệ Bharata, dù sắp ra tay và ngay cả khi đang ra tay, nhà vua vẫn chỉ nên nói lời êm dịu. Và sau khi đã đánh gục kẻ thù, vẫn phải tỏ lòng thương xót—bộc lộ nỗi buồn như thể đang than khóc.”

प्रहरिष्यन्about to strike / intending to strike
प्रहरिष्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ (प्रहरति)
Formशतृ (present active participle with future-intent sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियंpleasant, dear (words)
प्रियं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूयात्should speak
ब्रूयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रहरन्striking (even while striking)
प्रहरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ (प्रहरति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रहत्यhaving struck
प्रहत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हन्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृपायीतshould show compassion / should pity
कृपायीत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृपा (कृपायते)
Formविधिलिङ्, optative, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
शोचन्lamenting
शोचन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (शोचति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
रुदन्weeping
रुदन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (रोदिति/रुदति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Bharata (Yudhiṣṭhira)
K
king (rājā)
E
enemy/foe (implied)

Educational Q&A

Even in warfare, a ruler must restrain cruelty: speak gently before and during combat, and after defeating the enemy, show compassion rather than gloating—maintaining dharma and inner self-mastery.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on the conduct of a king in conflict—how to combine necessary force with humane speech and post-battle compassion.