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Shloka 15

शूरलक्षणवर्णनम् | Marks and Typologies of Martial Temperament

प्रविशन्ति च वेगेन साम्पराये ह्युपस्थिते । वारणा इव सम्मत्तास्ते भवन्ति दुरासदा:

praviśanti ca vegena sāmparāye hy upasthite | vāraṇā iva sammattās te bhavanti durāsadāḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: Khi cuộc đụng độ cuối cùng của chiến trận đã tới, họ lao vào hàng ngũ địch với tốc lực lớn. Như những con voi điên cuồng, họ khiến quân thù không sao chống đỡ—cứng rắn, khó tiếp cận, và đáng sợ trong giao chiến.

प्रविशन्तिthey enter
प्रविशन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormLat (Present), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेगेनwith speed/force
वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
साम्परायेin the battle/at the time of combat
साम्पराये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसाम्पराय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
उपस्थितेwhen (it is) present/arrived
उपस्थिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
वारणाःelephants
वारणाः:
TypeNoun
Rootवारण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सम्मत्ताःmaddened/intoxicated
सम्मत्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-मद्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey/those (men)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिbecome/are
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLat (Present), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दुरासदाःhard to assail/approach; formidable
दुरासदाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरासद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
elephants (vāraṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ideal of fearless, decisive engagement in a righteous battle: when the crisis arrives, true fighters do not hesitate but press forward with controlled ferocity, becoming formidable to adversaries.

Bhishma is describing a class of warriors who, once battle is joined, surge into the enemy formation with great momentum; the simile of maddened elephants conveys their unstoppable, hard-to-resist force.