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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 106

यथाहं भीमसेनेन व्युत्क्रम्य समयं हतः । “मेरे पक्षके वीरोंमेंसे जो लोग इस युद्धमें जीवित बच गये हों, उन्हें यह बताना कि भीमसेनने किस तरह गदायुद्धके नियमका उल्लंघन करके मुझे मारा

yathāhaṃ bhīmasenena vyutkramya samayaṃ hataḥ |

Sañjaya nói: “Ta đã bị Bhīmasena giết sau khi y vượt khỏi quy ước đã định (của cuộc đấu chùy).” Câu này đặt cái chết trong ánh sáng bị hoen ố về đạo lý: người nói không xem đó chỉ là thua trận, mà là hệ quả của việc phá vỡ bộ quy tắc song phương đã chấp nhận cho cuộc quyết đấu.

यथाas, in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
भीमसेनेनby Bhimasena
भीमसेनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
व्युत्क्रम्यhaving transgressed, having violated
व्युत्क्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootव्युत्क्रम्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
समयम्the agreement, the rule/compact
समयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हतःkilled, slain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormKta (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral weight of agreed norms in warfare: victory gained by violating a mutually accepted rule is portrayed as ethically compromised, raising questions about dharma in extreme conflict.

In the context of the climactic mace duel, the speaker characterizes his death as caused by Bhīmasena’s breach of the duel’s agreed conventions, emphasizing that the killing occurred through a rule-violation rather than straightforward adherence to combat protocol.