Shloka 45

Adhyāya 33: Rauhiṇeya (Balarāma) is welcomed and takes his seat to witness the gadā-engagement

Devanagari script

यानि चान्यानि दुष्टात्मन्‌ पापानि कृतवानसि । अनाग:सु च पार्थेषु तस्य पश्य महत्‌ फलम्‌

Transliteration

yāni cānyāni duṣṭātman pāpāni kṛtavān asi | anāgaḥsu ca pārtheṣu tasya paśya mahat phalam ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: «Hỡi kẻ lòng dạ độc ác, hãy nhìn cho rõ hậu quả lớn lao ấy—của bao tội lỗi khác ngươi đã gây ra, và của những điều bất nghĩa ngươi đã giáng xuống các con vô tội của Pṛthā. Hãy nhìn ngay bây giờ, bằng chính mắt ngươi, trái đắng mênh mông của những việc ấy.»

Word by Word

• यानि: which (things)
• यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अन्यानि: other
• अन्यानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• दुष्टात्मन्: O wicked-souled one
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्टात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पापानि: sins, evil deeds
• पापानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• कृतवान्: having done, you did
• कृतवान्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्तवतु (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• असि: you are (i.e., you have)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: Present, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनागःसु: among the guiltless/innocent
• अनागःसु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनागस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पार्थेषु: among the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas)
• पार्थेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• तस्य: of that (deed/act)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• पश्य: see, behold
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: Imperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महत्: great
• महत्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• फलम्: fruit, result
• फलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas, sons of Pṛthā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores karma and moral accountability: wrongdoing against the innocent inevitably yields a powerful and painful consequence, especially when committed with deliberate malice.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya addresses a wrongdoer (contextually, the Kaurava side) and points to the unfolding calamity in the war as the visible ‘great fruit’ of earlier sins committed against the blameless Pāṇḍavas.